Update October 28, 2019
I confirmed with some people that are familiar with RICOH Camera USB SDK for C++ that this SDK does not work with the RICOH THETA. There are no plans to support the RICOH THETA with that SDK. It is only for DSLR cameras.
Most people are using libptp2, which is fairly easy to get running on Linux. I recommend that people continue to build their applications using libptp and something like ptpcam or equivalent.
Although not many people have built Windows Kiosks with the THETA USB API, I have heard that the MTP extensions and the MTP examples on the Microsoft site work.
There appears to be a path forward for Windows kiosk or business-style desktop applications that use a USB cable to control the THETA in addition to small-board Linux computers like the Raspberry Pi and Nvidia Jetson.
To date, no one has used an Arduino to control the USB API. It looks difficult.