This is difficult as you cannot run a plug-in and use the USB API at the same time. Some people have written plug-ins to connect to Arduino, however, this won’t work for a production plug-in. It may work for a prototype or for an experiment.
If you explore that route, make sure you understand that you need to connect the camera to Vysor to use the USB port every time you reboot the camera. This setting is not saved after a reboot. This is a problem for many uses, but maybe not for an experiment.
IMO, your best course of action is to have a counter for the number of pictures, then transfer it to your Pi over the USB cable and then change the name on the Pi.
You can also write a plug-in to change the names on the camera as a batch after the pictures are taken.
Can you provide more information on your experiment, especially the trigger and sequence requirements of the 360 pictures?
This project may be of interest
He’s powering the Raspberry Pi with Power over Ethernet and a USB converter. He’s taking a picture and then pushing it to a networked server. If your project allows you to change the filenames on the Pi or in the cloud, it will be easier for you.